What Is HIV-1/2 Antibodies?
What it is
Antibodies are the immune system's response to HIV infection, appearing weeks after exposure (the window period).
Why it matters
HIV antibody tests are the standard first-line screening; a reactive result is presumptive and needs confirmation.
Specimen
Whole blood / serum / plasma / oral fluid
Interpretation
Reactive = HIV antibodies detected (presumptive). Non-reactive = not detected.
Limitations
Window period ~3–6 weeks; reactive results require confirmation per national algorithm.
Related test: HIV 1/2 Rapid Test — specimen: WB / S / P
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the HIV window period? Antibodies typically appear 3–6 weeks after exposure; reactive results need confirmation.
Related knowledge
References
- WHO. Consolidated guidelines on HIV testing services.
Last reviewed: 2026-09-12